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REACTIVE DYES
One of the most permanent dyes of all the types is Reactive Dyes. Unlike other dyes, it actually forms a covalent bond with the cellulose or protein molecule. Once the bond is formed, a molecule is formed. The result is as simple as washing a garment safely. In contrast to all other dyes, the reactive dying of cotton is currently the most widespread textile dying process in the world.
Reactive dye is a class of highly colored organic substances, primarily utilized for tinting textiles that attach themselves to their substrates by a chemical reaction that forms a covalent bond between the molecule of dye and that of the fiber. The dyestuff thus becomes a part of the fiber and is much less likely to be removed by washing than are dyestuffs that adhere by adsorption.
Reactive Dyes can be classified into two types.
1. Cold Dyeing types
2. Hot Dyeing types
Reactive Dyes find applications in the following areas:
- They are usually used where bright dyeing with high light and wash fastness is required.
- Cold dyeing is used extensively in batik work.
- Although some reactive dyestuffs have been specially modified to dye wool, their main usage is in dyeing cotton linen and viscose rayon.
- Reactive dyes are used to dye cellulose fibers.
- The reactive dyes bind chemically to the textile fibers, significantly improving the product's color stability and washability.
- They can be applied on wool and nylon.
- They have low utilization degree compared to all the other types of dyestuffs
- Other feature of this dye is of its low affinity to cellulose, as a result of which, large amounts of salt are required to force its deposition on the fabric.
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